Legalitas Hukum Perkawinan Beda Agama di Indonesia: Analisis Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung No. 2 Tahun 2023
Abstract
Munculnya multi penafsiran di kalangan Hakim terkait legalitas perkawinan beda agama dalam bingkai Undang- Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 menimbulkan polemik hukum yang berdampak pada inkonsistensi putusan di pengadilan. Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (SEMA) Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 hadir sebagai respons normatif untuk menekan perdebatan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis isi dan penerapan SEMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 dalam menanggapi perkara perkawinan beda agama di pengadilan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, berfokus pada penafsiran, analisis, dan pengaplikasian regulasi tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SEMA ini secara tegas menginstruksikan kepada para hakim untuk tidak memberikan izin terhadap pelaksanaan perkawinan beda agama atau keyakinan. SEMA ini juga berfungsi sebagai pedoman resmi dalam menghindari ambiguitas hukum dan konflik tafsir yang kerap muncul di pengadilan. Selain itu, SEMA memperkuat kewajiban hakim untuk tunduk pada ketentuan yang berlaku, dengan konsekuensi adanya sanksi administratif dari Badan Pengawas Mahkamah Agung bagi yang tidak mematuhi, mulai dari sanksi ringan hingga berat. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menegaskan peran penting SEMA sebagai instrumen penguatan keseragaman hukum dan kepastian hukum, serta sebagai pengingat terhadap batas kewenangan hakim dalam ranah hukum keluarga di Indonesia.
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